Umbers are one of the oldest pigments used by mankind. These natural Iron-Oxides are known for their durability and are considered a permanent pigment. Burnt Umbers build on the lightfast and chemical resistance of Raw Umber and add improved heat stability. Raw Umbers are naturally occurring Iron-Hydroxides, which convert to Burnt Umbers, or Iron Oxides upon heat treating. Hoover 509E-BU in one of the highest quality Burnt Umbers on the market today. It combines ease of dispersion with high color strength.